What is the function of a domain name system (DNS)?

• A. To secure web applications
• B. To translate domain names into IP addresses
• C. To control network traffic
• D. To store user authentication data

Answer: (B)

The function of a domain name system (DNS) is to translate human-readable domain names into machine-readable IP addresses. When a user enters a website address into their browser, DNS servers are responsible for resolving that domain name to the corresponding IP address so that the user's browser can locate and connect to the appropriate server hosting the website. This process is essential for the functionality of the internet, as web browsers and other communication protocols primarily operate using IP addresses rather than domain names.

The other options, while related to networking and internet security, do not accurately describe the primary role of DNS. For instance, securing web applications pertains to various security protocols and practices, controlling network traffic involves managing the flow of data across the network, and storing user authentication data relates to identity and access management systems. Therefore, the correct answer emphasizes the critical function of DNS in enabling communication over the internet by linking user-friendly names to their corresponding numerical addresses.