What does an algorithm represent?

• A. A set of computer programs running simultaneously
• B. A method for solving a problem step-by-step
• C. A user interface design principle
• D. A type of data storage structure

Answer: (B)

An algorithm represents a method for solving a problem step-by-step. It consists of a clear sequence of instructions or rules designed to perform a specific task or resolve a particular issue. This structured approach allows for systematic problem-solving, as the algorithm provides a detailed pathway from the initial state to a final solution, breaking down the process into manageable steps.

In the context of computer science, algorithms are crucial because they serve as the foundation for programming and software development. They can be applied to various domains—ranging from sorting lists and searching data to complex mathematical computations. The clarity and efficiency of an algorithm can greatly impact the performance of a program.

The other options describe different concepts that are not synonymous with what an algorithm represents. For instance, running multiple computer programs simultaneously pertains more to concurrency and parallel processing. User interface design principles focus on how users interact with software and applications, while data storage structures refer to how data is organized within a system. None of these concepts align with the definition of an algorithm as a methodical approach to problem-solving.